#include <glob.h>

     int
     glob(const char *pattern, int flags,
             const int (*errfunc)(const char *, int), glob_t *pglob)

     void
     globfree(glob_t *pglob)

DESCRIPTION

     The glob() function is a pathname generator that implements the rules for
     file name pattern matching used by the shell.

     The include file glob.h defines the structure type glob_t, which contains
     at least the following fields:

     typedef struct {
             int gl_pathc;           /* count of total paths so far */
             int gl_matchc;          /* count of paths matching pattern */
             int gl_offs;            /* reserved at beginning of gl_pathv */
             int gl_flags;           /* returned flags */
             char **gl_pathv;        /* list of paths matching pattern */
     } glob_t;

     The argument pattern is a pointer to a pathname pattern to be expanded.
     The glob() argument matches all accessible pathnames against the pattern
     and creates a list of the pathnames that match.  In order to have access
     to a pathname, glob() requires search permission on every component of a
     path except the last and read permission on each directory of any file-
     name component of pattern that contains any of the special characters
     `*', `?' or `['.

     The glob() argument stores the number of matched pathnames into the
     gl_pathc field, and a pointer to a list of pointers to pathnames into the
     gl_pathv field.  The first pointer after the last pathname is NULL. If
     the pattern does not match any pathnames, the returned number of matched
     paths is set to zero.

     It is the caller's responsibility to create the structure pointed to by
     pglob. The glob() function allocates other space as needed, including the
     memory pointed to by gl_pathv.

     The argument flags is used to modify the behavior of glob().  The value
     of flags is the bitwise inclusive OR of any of the following values de-
     fined in glob.h:

     GLOB_APPEND      Append pathnames generated to the ones from a previous
                      call (or calls) to glob().  The value of gl_pathc will
                      be the total matches found by this call and the previous
                      call(s).  The pathnames are appended to, not merged with
                      the pathnames returned by the previous call(s).  Between
                      calls, the caller must not change the setting of the

     GLOB_MARK        Each pathname that is a directory that matches pattern
                      has a slash appended.

     GLOB_NOCHECK     If pattern does not match any pathname, then glob() re-
                      turns a list consisting of only pattern, with the number
                      of total pathnames is set to 1, and the number of
                      matched pathnames set to 0.  If GLOB_QUOTE is set, its
                      effect is present in the pattern returned.

     GLOB_NOSORT      By default, the pathnames are sorted in ascending ASCII
                      order; this flag prevents that sorting (speeding up
                      glob()).

     The following values may also be included in flags, however, they are
     non-standard extensions to IEEE Std1003.2 (``POSIX'').

     GLOB_ALTDIRFUNC  The following additional fields in the pglob structure
                      have been initialized with alternate functions for glob
                      to use to open, read, and close directories and to get
                      stat information on names found in those directories.

                              void *(*gl_opendir)(const char * name);
                              struct dirent *(*gl_readdir)(void *);
                              void (*gl_closedir)(void *);
                              int (*gl_lstat)(const char *name, struct stat *st);
                              int (*gl_stat)(const char *name, struct stat *st);

                      This extension is provided to allow programs such as re-
                      store(8) to provide globbing from directories stored on
                      tape.

     GLOB_BRACE       Pre-process the pattern string to expand `{pat,pat,...}'
                      strings like csh(1).  The pattern `{}' is left unexpand-
                      ed for historical reasons.  (Csh(1) does the same thing
                      to ease typing of find(1) patterns.)

     GLOB_MAGCHAR     Set by the glob() function if the pattern included glob-
                      bing characters.  See the description of the usage of
                      the gl_matchc structure member for more details.

     GLOB_NOMAGIC     Is the same as GLOB_NOCHECK but it only appends the
                      pattern if it does not contain any of the special char-
                      acters ``*'', ``?'' or ``[''.  GLOB_NOMAGIC is provided
                      to simplify implementing the historic csh(1) globbing
                      behavior and should probably not be used anywhere else.

     GLOB_QUOTE       Use the backslash (`\') character for quoting: every oc-
                      currence of a backslash followed by a character in the
                      pattern is replaced by that character, avoiding any spe-
                      cial interpretation of the character.

     flags, regardless of the return value of errfunc, if called.  If GLOB_ERR
     is not set and either errfunc is NULL or errfunc returns zero, the error
     is ignored.

     The globfree() function frees any space associated with pglob from a pre-
     vious call(s) to glob().

RETURN VALUES

     On successful completion, glob() returns zero.  In addition the fields of
     pglob contain the values described below:

     gl_pathc      contains the total number of matched pathnames so far.
                   This includes other matches from previous invocations of
                   glob() if GLOB_APPEND was specified.

     gl_matchc     contains the number of matched pathnames in the current in-
                   vocation of glob().

     gl_flags      contains a copy of the flags parameter with the bit
                   GLOB_MAGCHAR set if pattern contained any of the special
                   characters ``*'', ``?'' or ``['', cleared if not.

     gl_pathv      contains a pointer to a NULL-terminated list of matched
                   pathnames.  However, if gl_pathc is zero, the contents of
                   gl_pathv are undefined.

     If glob() terminates due to an error, it sets errno and returns one of
     the following non-zero constants, which are defined in the include file
     <glob.h>:

     GLOB_NOSPACE  An attempt to allocate memory failed.

     GLOB_ABEND    The scan was stopped because an error was encountered and
                   either GLOB_ERR was set or (*errfunc)() returned non-zero.

     The arguments pglob->gl_pathc and pglob->gl_pathv are still set as speci-
     fied above.

EXAMPLE

     A rough equivalent of `ls -l *.c *.h' can be obtained with the following
     code:

           glob_t g;

           g.gl_offs = 2;
           glob("*.c", GLOB_DOOFFS, NULL, &g);
           glob("*.h", GLOB_DOOFFS | GLOB_APPEND, NULL, &g);
           g.gl_pathv[0] = "ls";
           g.gl_pathv[1] = "-l";
           execvp("ls", g.gl_pathv);

SEE ALSO

     The glob() function may fail and set errno for any of the errors speci-
     fied for the library routines stat(2),  closedir(3),  opendir(3),
     readdir(3),  malloc(3),  and free(3).

BSD Experimental                April 16, 1994                               4